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JLPT N1 Vocabulary List
This is the list of words you need to study for the Japanese Language Proficiency Test Level N1.
This list is being updated. Click on each word to see example sentences and download flashcards.
赤字 (akaji): deficit
悪事 (akuji): evil deed, crime
圧倒 (attou): overwhelm, overpower
扱い (atsukai): treatment, service
圧力 (atsuryoku): pressure, stress
過ち (ayamachi): fault, error, indiscretion
買収 (baishuu): acquisition, buy-out, takeover
爆弾 (bakudan): bomb
弁護 (bengo): defence, pleading, advocacy
弁解 (benkai): justification, explanation
弁明 (benmei): explanation, excuse
貧乏 (binbou): poverty, destitute, poor
敏感 (binkan): sensibility, susceptibility
微笑 (bishou): smile
膨張 (bouchou): expansion, swelling, increase
防衛 (bouei): defense, protection
暴力 (bouryoku): violence, mayhem
侮辱 (bujoku): insult, affront, slight
部下 (buka): subordinate person
分配 (bunpai): division, splitting, sharing
分散 (bunsan): dispersion, breakup
文書 (bunsho): document, writing, paperwork
無礼 (burei): impolite, rude
武装 (busou): arms, armament
着手 (chakushu): to start work (on), to undertake
近づく (chikazuku): to approach, to draw near
蓄積 (chikuseki): accumulation, accumulate
賃金 (chingin): wages
沈黙 (chinmoku): silence, being silent
知性 (chisei): intelligence
秩序 (chitsujo): order, regularity
直感 (chokkan): intuition, instinct, hunch
直面 (chokumen): confrontation, to face
挑戦 (chousen): challenge, defiance, dare
調達 (choutatsu): supply, provision
中断 (chuudan): interruption, suspension, break
忠実 (chuujitsu): faithfulness, devotion, loyalty
忠告 (chuukoku): advice, warning
打撃 (dageki): blow, shock, strike
大胆 (daitan): bold, daring, audacious
妥協 (dakyou): compromise, giving in
団結 (danketsu): unity, union, combination
脱出 (dasshutsu): escape, break-out
土台 (dodai): foundation, base, basis
独裁 (dokusai): dictatorship, despotism
独占 (dokusen): monopoly, monopolization
度胸 (dokyou): courage, bravery, nerve
動員 (douin): mobilization
同情 (doujou): sympathy, compassion
動機 (douki): motive, incentive
同盟 (doumei): alliance, union, league
同類 (dourui): the same kind
同士 (doushi): fellow, companion, comrade
同等 (doutou): equality, equal, same rights
動揺 (douyou): shaking, trembling, disturbance
映像 (eizou): reflection, image, video
演じる (enjiru): to perform (a play), to play (a part)
不動産 (fudousan): real estate
腐敗 (fuhai): decomposition, corruption, decay
不可欠 (fukaketsu): indispensable, essential
復讐 (fukushuu): revenge
紛争 (funsou): dispute, trouble, strife
相応しい (fusawashii): appropriate, adequate
負傷 (fushou): injury, wound
負担 (futan): burden, charge, responsibility
不当 (futou): injustice, impropriety, unfair
封鎖 (fuusa): blockade
概念 (gainen): general idea, concept
現地 (genchi): actual place, local
厳密 (genmitsu): strict, close, precise
減少 (genshou): decrease, reduction, decline
原則 (gensoku): principle, general rule
幻想 (gensou): illusions
犠牲 (gisei): victim, sacrifice, scapegoat
合成 (gousei): composition, synthesis
軍事 (gunji): military affairs
業務 (gyoumu): business, affairs, duties
業績 (gyouseki): achievement, performance, results
把握 (haaku): grasp, catch, understanding
阻む (habamu): to keep someone from doing, to prevent
肺 (hai): lung
配置 (haichi): arrangement, deployment
背後 (haigo): back, rear, background
排除 (haijo): exclusion, removal, elimination
配慮 (hairyo): consideration, concern, attention
廃止 (haishi): abolition, repeal
破壊 (hakai): destruction, disruption
派遣 (haken): dispatch, despatch, deployment
白状 (hakujou): confession
繁栄 (han’ei): prosperity, thriving
反応 (hannou): reaction, response
反乱 (hanran): insurrection, rebellion
発生 (hassei): outbreak, spring forth, occurrence
果たす (hatasu): to accomplish, to achieve
発言 (hatsugen): statement, remark
兵器 (heiki): arms, weapons, ordnance
閉鎖 (heisa): closing, shutdown, lockout
兵士 (heishi): soldier
変動 (hendou): change, fluctuation
変革 (henkaku): change, transformation
偏見 (henken): prejudice, narrow view
率いる (hikiiru): to lead, to command
悲鳴 (himei): shriek, scream
非難 (hinan): criticism, blame, reproach
避難 (hinan): taking refuge, finding shelter
貧困 (hinkon): poor, needy
頻繁 (hinpan): frequent, incessant
疲労 (hirou): fatigue, weariness
悲惨 (hisan): disastrous, tragic
匹敵 (hitteki): to be a match for, to rival
必然 (hitsuzen): inevitable, necessary
施す (hodokosu): to give, to do, to conduct
保護 (hogo): care, protection, shelter
保険 (hoken): insurance, guarantee
本能 (honnou): instinct
本心 (honshin): true feelings
本質 (honshitsu): essence, true nature
崩壊 (houkai): collapse, crumbling
放棄 (houki): abandonment, renunciation
方策 (housaku): plan, policy
報酬 (houshuu): remuneration, recompense, reward
法廷 (houtei): courtroom
票 (hyou): vote, ballot
一部 (ichibu): one part, one portion
著しい (ichijirushii): striking, remarkable, considerable
移住 (ijuu): migration, immigration
怒り (ikari): anger, rage, fury
一刻 (ikkoku): minute, moment, an instant
移行 (ikou): migration, transition
移民 (imin): emigration, immigration
痛める (itameru): to hurt, to cause pain
痛む (itamu): to hurt, to ache, to feel a pain
意図 (ito): intention, aim, design
営む (itonamu): to run (a business), to operate
意欲 (iyoku): will, desire, ambition
依然 (izen): still, as yet
依存 (izon): dependence, reliance
地獄 (jigoku): hell
事業 (jigyou): enterprise, business, industry
自覚 (jikaku): self-consciousness, self-awareness
地元 (jimoto): home area, local
迅速 (jinsoku): quick, fast, rapid, swift
実践 (jissen): practice, putting into practice
実質 (jisshitsu): substance, essence
事前 (jizen): prior, beforehand
持続 (jizoku): continuation, persisting, lasting
助言 (jogen): advice, suggestion
譲歩 (jouho): concession, conciliation
情熱 (jounetsu): passion, enthusiasm
上陸 (jouriku): landing, disembarkation
情勢 (jousei): state of things, state of affairs
従業員 (juugyouin): employee, worker
柔軟 (juunan): flexible, lithe, soft, pliable
株式 (kabushiki): stock (company)
課題 (kadai): subject, theme, issue, matter
開発 (kaihatsu): development, exploitation
回避 (kaihi): evasion, avoidance
解除 (kaijo): cancellation, release
改革 (kaikaku): reform, reformation
階級 (kaikyuu): (social) class, rank, grade
介入 (kainyuu): intervention
賭け (kake): betting, gambling
賭ける (kakeru): to wager, to bet, to gamble
確保 (kakuho): guarantee, maintain, ensure
革命 (kakumei): revolution
確信 (kakushin): conviction, belief, confidence
肝心 (kanjin): essential, fundamental, crucial
完璧 (kanpeki): perfect, complete, flawless
官僚 (kanryou): bureaucrat, bureaucracy
監視 (kanshi): monitoring, watching, observation
干渉 (kanshou): interference, intervention, meddling
関与 (kanyo): participation, taking part in
寛容 (kanyou): tolerance, generosity
固める (katameru): to harden, to solidify
傾ける (katamukeru): to incline, to lean, to tilt
交わす (kawasu): to exchange, to intersect, to cross
軽減 (keigen): abatement, reduction
経費 (keihi): expenses, cost, outlay
経過 (keika): passage, expiration, progress
警戒 (keikai): vigilance, caution, alertness
経歴 (keireki): personal history, career
経路 (keiro): course, route, means
形成 (keisei): formation, molding, taking form
携帯 (keitai): something carried (in the hand)
権限 (kengen): power, authority, jurisdiction
権威 (ken’i): authority, power, influence
権力 (kenryoku): (political) power, authority
決断 (ketsudan): decision, determination
決意 (ketsui): decision, determination
規模 (kibo): scale, scope, plan
危機 (kiki): crisis, danger, risk
機構 (kikou): mechanism, organization
勤勉 (kinben): diligent, industrious
緊急 (kinkyuu): urgent, pressing, emergency
規制 (kisei): regulation, control, restriction
奇跡 (kiseki): miracle, wonder, marvel
競う (kisou): to compete, to contest
規定 (kitei): provision, regulation, rule
気絶 (kizetsu): faint, swoon
築く (kizuku): to build, to construct
傷つける (kizutsukeru): to wound, to injure
拒む (kobamu): to refuse, to reject, to decline
誇張 (kochou): exaggeration
孤独 (kodoku): solitude, loneliness, isolation
試みる (kokoromiru): to try, to attempt
根拠 (konkyo): basis, foundation
個性 (kosei): individuality, personality
固定 (kotei): fixation, fixing
興奮 (koufun): excitement, stimulation, agitation
抗議 (kougi): protest, objection
行為 (koui): act, deed, conduct
好意 (koui): good will, favor, courtesy
公開 (koukai): making available to the public
後悔 (koukai): regret, repentance, remorse
購入 (kounyuu): purchase, buy
効率 (kouritsu): efficiency
交渉 (koushou): negotiations, discussions
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雇用 (koyou): employment, hire
口調 (kuchou): tone, (verbal) expression
苦しみ (kurushimi): pain, anguish, suffering
屈辱 (kutsujoku): disgrace, humiliation
拒否 (kyohi): refusal, rejection, denial
極端 (kyokutan): extreme, extremity
脅迫 (kyouhaku): threat, menace, coercion
脅威 (kyoui): threat, menace
享受 (kyouju): reception, acceptance, enjoyment
共感 (kyoukan): sympathy, empathy, response
教訓 (kyoukun): lesson, precept
強烈 (kyouretsu): strong, intense, severe
共産 (kyousan): communism
強制 (kyousei): obligation, coercion, compulsion
究極 (kyuukyoku): ultimate, extreme, final
救済 (kyuusai): relief, aid, rescue
恵む (megumu): to bless, to show mercy to
明白 (meihaku): obvious, clear, plain
明瞭 (meiryou): clarity, clearness
名誉 (meiyo): honor, credit, prestige
未知 (michi): not yet known, unknown
身近 (midjika): near oneself, close to one, familiar
見方 (mikata): viewpoint, point of view
源 (minamoto): source, origin, root
満たす (mitasu): to satisfy, to fulfill, to gratify
漏らす (morasu): to let leak, to reveal
摸索 (mosaku): groping (for), exploring for a solution
齎す (motarasu): to bring, to take, to bring about
無実 (mujitsu): innocence, guiltlessness
無効 (mukou): invalid, no effect
無力 (muryoku): powerlessness, incompetent
悩み (nayami): trouble, worry, distress
燃料 (nenryou): fuel
熱意 (netsui): zeal, enthusiasm
憎しみ (nikushimi): hatred
肉体 (nikutai): the body, the flesh
担う (ninau): to carry on shoulder, to bear
認識 (ninshiki): recognition, awareness, perception
妊娠 (ninshin): conception, pregnancy
農場 (noujou): farm (agriculture)
覚え (oboe): memory, sense, experience
犯す (okasu): to commit (e.g. crime)
重荷 (omoni): load, heavy burden
大幅 (oohaba): big, large, substantial
愚か (oroka): foolish, stupid
恐れ (osore): fear, horror, anxiety
襲う (osou): to attack, to assail
訪れる (otozureru): to visit, to call on
負う (ou): to bear, to take responsibility for
楽観 (rakkan): optimism
連中 (renchuu): company, lot, bunch
理屈 (rikutsu): theory, reason
理性 (risei): reason, reasoning power
利息 (risoku): interest (bank)
理論 (riron): theory
論理 (ronri): logic, logical
浪費 (rouhi): waste, extravagance
領域 (ryouiki): area, domain, territory
良心 (ryoushin): conscience
察知 (sacchi): sense, infer
定める (sadameru): to decide, to establish, to determine
最悪 (saiaku): the worst
細部 (saibu): details
再生 (saisei): resuscitation, regeneration
採用 (saiyou): use, adoption, acceptance
最善 (saizen): the very best, utmost
栄える (sakaeru): to prosper, to flourish
作戦 (sakusen): tactics, strategy
悟る (satoru): to perceive, to sense, to understand
世代 (sedai): generation, the world, the age
征服 (seifuku): conquest, subjugation
制服 (seifuku): uniform
正義 (seigi): justice, right, righteousness
誠実 (seijitsu): sincere, honest, faithful
成熟 (seijuku): maturity, ripeness
成果 (seika): fruits (of one’s labors), accomplishment
政権 (seiken): (political) administration, political power
政策 (seisaku): political measures, policy
正当 (seitou): just, justifiable, right
選挙 (senkyo): election
戦略 (senryaku): strategy, tactics
占領 (senryou): occupying, possession, capture
戦闘 (sentou): battle, fight, combat
専用 (senyou): exclusive use, personal use
接触 (sesshoku): touch, contact
設定 (settei): establishment, creation, setting
説得 (settoku): persuasion
設立 (setsuritsu): establishment, founding
死 (shi): death, decease
強いる (shiiru): to force, to compel, to coerce
支持 (shiji): support, holding up, backing
指示 (shiji): instructions, directions, indication
資格 (shikaku): qualifications, requirements
指揮 (shiki): command, direction
資金 (shikin): funds, capital
仕組み (shikumi): structure, construction
使命 (shimei): mission, errand, task
辛抱 (shinbou): patience, endurance
進化 (shinka): evolution, progress
侵略 (shinryaku): aggression, invasion
思考 (shikou): thought, consideration, thinking
真実 (shinjitsu): truth, reality
真理 (shinri): truth
真相 (shinsou): truth, real situation
進展 (shinten): progress, development
資産 (shisan): property, fortune, assets
視線 (shisen): one’s line of sight, one’s gaze
指摘 (shiteki): pointing out, identification
嫉妬 (shitto): jealousy, envy
視野 (shiya): field of vision, outlook
処分 (shobun): disposal, dealing (with a problem)
職務 (shokumu): professional duties
所得 (shotoku): income, earnings
象徴 (shouchou): symbol
衝動 (shoudou): impulse, impetus, urge
生涯 (shougai): one’s lifetime
証言 (shougen): testimony, (verbal) evidence
証拠 (shouko): evidence, proof
照明 (shoumei): illumination, lighting
消滅 (shoumetsu): extinction, extinguishment
奨励 (shourei): encouragement, promotion
詳細 (shousai): detail, particulars
昇進 (shoushin): promotion, advancement
少数 (shousuu): minority, few
正体 (shoutai): true character, true form
勝利 (shouri): victory, triumph, win
所有 (shoyuu): one’s possessions, ownership
主導 (shudou): leadership, initiative, spearhead
守衛 (shuei): security guard, doorkeeper
手法 (shuhou): technique, method
収集 (shuushuu): gathering up, collection
収益 (shuueki): earnings, proceeds, returns
措置 (sochi): measure, measures, step
損なう (sokonau): to harm, to hurt, to injure
促進 (sokushin): promotion, acceleration
染まる (somaru): to be dyed, to be tainted, to be infected
即座に (sokuza ni): immediately, right away
阻止 (soshi): obstruction, check, hindrance
備わる (sonawaru): to be furnished with, to be equipped with
損失 (sonshitsu): loss (e.g. assets or profits)
訴訟 (soshou): liftigation, lawsuit
装備 (soubi): equipment
捜査 (sousa): search, investigation
創造 (souzou): creation
遂行 (suikou): accomplishment, execution
衰退 (suitai): decline, degeneration, decay
推進 (suishin): propulsion, drive, promotion
好く (suku): to like, to love
体験 (taiken): personal experience, physical experience
対応 (taiou): correspondence, coping with
態勢 (taisei): attitude, posture, preparedness
対処 (taisho): dealing with, coping with
退職 (taishoku): retirement, resignation
大衆 (taishuu): general public, the masses
高まる (takamaru): to rise, to swell
企む (takuramu): to scheme, to plan, to conspire
保つ (tamotsu): to keep, to preserve, to maintain
達成 (tassei): achievement
提供 (teikyou): offer, provisioning, supply
停滞 (teitai): stagnation, tie-up, congestion
手順 (tejun): process, procedure, sequence
適応 (tekiou): adaptation, accommodation
展示 (tenji): exhibition, display
天井 (tenjou): ceiling, ceiling price
転換 (tenkan): conversion, changeover
点検 (tenken): inspection, examination, checking
天才 (tensai): genius, prodigy
手遅れ (teokure): being (too) late
扉 (tobira): door, gate, opening
乏しい (toboshii): meagre, scarce, lacking
特権 (tokken): privilege, special right
富 (tomi): riches, wealth, fortune
富む (tomu): to be rich in, to abound in
突破 (toppa): breaking through, penetration
取引 (torihiki): transactions, dealings
整える (totonoeru): to put in order, to adjust
統合 (tougou): integration, unification, synthesis
投入 (tounyuu): throwing into, inserting
討論 (touron): debate, discussion
統制 (tousei): regulation, control
投資 (toushi): investment
到達 (toutatsu): reaching, attaining, arrival
告げる (tsugeru): to tell, to inform
追求 (tsuikyuu): pursuit (of a goal, ideal, etc.)
追跡 (tsuiseki): chase, pursuit, tracing
費やす (tsuiyasu): to spend, to consume
募る (tsunoru): to grow violent, to become stronger
通常 (tsuujou): common, general, normal, usual
強まる (tsuyomaru): to get strong, to gain strength
打ち明ける (uchiakeru): to confide, to reveal
動き (ugoki): movement, move, motion
促す (unagasu): to urge, to press, to prompt
運営 (un’ei): management, administration
運命 (unmei): fate, destiny
運用 (unyou): making use of, application
薄れる (usureru): to fade, to become dim
罠 (wana): snare, trap
闇 (yami): darkness, the dark
野心 (yashin): ambition, aspiration
養う (yashinau): to support, to provide for
余地 (yochi): place, room, margin
予感 (yokan): presentiment, premonition, hunch
欲望 (yokubou): desire, appetite, lust
抑制 (yokusei): control, restraint, suppression
要因 (youin): main cause, primary factor
用件 (youken): business, thing to be done
要請 (yousei): appeal, request, demand
要する (you suru): to need, to demand, to require
弱める (yowameru): to weaken
勇敢 (yuukan): brave, heroic, gallant
優先 (yuusen): preference, priority
融資 (yuushi): financing, loan
有する (yuusuru): to own, to be endowed with
誘惑 (yuuwaku): temptation, allurement
財政 (zaisei): public finance, financial affairs
残酷 (zankoku): cruelty, harshness
前提 (zentei): preamble, premise, reason
絶望 (zetsubou): despair, hopelessness
増強 (zoukyou): augment, reinforce, increase
See also: JLPT N1 Grammar List
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